Observing smoking during pregnancy, the effect of anxiety and happiness on smoking during pregnancy

The aim of this research is to examine smoking during pregnancy, the features of pregnant women who smoke, the factors that affect smoking during pregnancy and the effect of anxiety and happiness on smoking during pregnancy. The research was carried out with 187 pregnant women, chosen with laminar random sampling method by cross sectional analytical study. The data were collected by a questionnaire form designed by the researcher, Beck Anxiety Scale and Oxford Happiness Scale Short Form. In data evaluation, descriptive statistics, chi-squared and logistic regression analysis, Kolmogorov-Smirnov, Mann-Whitney U test and ROC analysis were used. It was found that smoking before pregnancy is 32 % and during pregnancy is 13, 9 % in women. The 42, 3% of pregnant women who smoke were high school graduates while 73, 1% were housewives. When they were asked the reasons of quitting smoking during their pregnancy, with the rate of 77, 8% pregnant women mostly stated that they quitted with the idea that it would be harmful for the baby. It was found that about quitting smoking, they did not get any advice and support of nurses. Not having a civil marriage, experiencing relocation increase smoking during pregnancy. It was found that there were differences among groups in the statistical analysis that was conducted for smoking before pregnancy, number of cigarettes smoked and smoking during pregnancy. It was identified that when the pregnant woman's spouse or someone else smoke in the same place with the pregnant, it increases smoking during pregnancy. In the statistical analysis that was made between anxiety scale scores of pregnant women and smoking during pregnancy, it was found that there were no differences between groups, but the difference was meaningful between the groups in happiness scale scores and smoking during pregnancy. As a result, it was identified that happiness, woman's spouse or somebody else's smoking beside her, having smoked before pregnancy, and the number of cigarettes smoked affect smoking during pregnancy. It is thought that both the pregnant woman and her spouse and relatives need training about quitting smoking during pregnancy. Also in the study it was seen that pregnant women are not supported by nurses about quitting smoking. It is necessary to increase awareness of health professionals about this issue. Key Words: Smoking, Pregnancy, Happiness, Anxiety