Investigation of social jetlag, nutritional status and physical activity levels of gestational diabetes mellitus

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is one of the important health problems characterized by various degrees of glucose intolerance that begins during pregnancy and is diagnosed for the first time during pregnancy. Social jetlag (SJL) is a condition in which the sleep-wake pattern is disrupted due to differences between weekday and weekend sleep patterns, resulting in a misalignment between the biological clock and the social clock. This scientific study was carried out with the aim of determining the nutritional status and anthropometric characteristics of pregnancy in order to evaluate the effect of physical activity levels and food consumption frequencies of pregnant women with and without GDM on social jetlag (SJL). It was conducted on 56 pregnant women, 28 non-GDM (control), and 28 pregnant women with GDM (case). General characteristics, food consumption, nutritional status, physical activity, and SJL status of the pregnant women who were followed up by gynecologists in the clinic were evaluated and biochemical analyzes were made. There was no significant relationship between SJL status and GDM (p>0.05). The significant relationship between GDM status and education level was found (p<0.05). A statistically significant relationship was found between GDM status and pregestational BMI (p<0.05). Obese group according to pregestational BMI; It was determined statistically that people with GDM were more than those with non-GDM (p<0.01). The mean daily fructose intakes of pregnant women participating in this study were found to be 19.13 grams and 29.72 grams in pregnant women with GDM and pregnant women without GDM, respectively. Perceived observation of 50 grams was not exceeded in both groups. It was found statistically significant that the mean daily omega-3 fatty acid intakes of the pregnant women participating in this study were lower in those with GDM and those with SJL.1 hour compared to the other groups (p<0.05). It has been determined that the amount of vitamin B1 and niacin taken daily with the diet is below the recommended amount according to the DRI in those with SJL.1 hour. When the regression analysis was examined, it was seen that the BMI-normal variable had a negative and significant effect on the presence of GDM, while the variable of insufficient weight gain during pregnancy had a positive and significant effect on the presence of GDM. In this study, it was concluded that the composition of the diet (energy and nutrients), weight gained during pregnancy, pre-gestational BMI and education level have an important effect on the formation of GDM. Controlling obesity in the prenatal period and during pregnancy, and healthy nutrition and diet therapy play an important role in the prevention and treatment of GDM.