Egypt in Helenistic Period

Egypt has hosted an advanced civilization in history. The geographical conditions and position of Egypt have been very important in the development and formation of Egyptian civilization. The kingdom of ancient Egypt was the result of the struggles of the noms of Upper and Lower Egypt. When Alexander came to Egypt in B.C. 332, the Hellenistic period began for Egypt, and the lands he conquered after his sudden death in B.C 323 were shared as a result of great struggles between his successors. Ptolemy, a close friend and general of Alexander, proclaimed his kingdom in Egypt where he ruled satraps B.C. 305 until Alexander's death. Ptolemies that have lived in the Egyptian geography and have the longest life in the Hellenistic kingdoms have been influential on foreign policy and sea power. In this study, the geopolitical position of Egypt, Alexander's eastern expedition, Alexander's successors (diadokhos) will be given information about the kings of the Ptolemaic state after the reigns. Key Words: Egypt, Rome, Nile, Alexander, Ptolemaios, Quenn, Cleopatra