The Subject-object in sculpture

ABSTRACT "THE SUBJECT-OBJECT IN THE SCULPTURE" Nurbiye UZ The Sculpture Main Branch Anadolu University, Social Sciences Institute, September 2002 Advisor: Prof. Aytaç KATI The subject is defined as the knowledgeable living creature, or the human being that has willpower and knowledge power; whereas the object is defined as the thing upon which the idea is produced, or the reflected thing in opposition to the subject that thinks, or the topic that the subject knows. Upon the evaluation of these concepts by the sculptural view, different conclusions can be drawn by their word meanings. Human-sculpture communication form is determined by these concepts, i.e. the subject-object, subjective-objective, subjectivity-objectivity, subjective and objective realities and ideas, and such expansions. Since the beginning of human existence on the earth, the subject-object concepts progress and change in accordance with the knowledge on human himself and wisdom, developments, the situation and relations of human on the earth, the improvement of the conscious and the artistic consciousness, and knowledge. The human being making artistic works tries to dominate the nature by giving new forms to the objects. After thousands years of working activities, the art provided the human's creative imagination, ideas and feelings to be made concrete as an object and conceive the world in an aesthetic way.VI The artistic compositions, those were first seen in the cave wall, later come out to be revealed, the objects in the nature transformed into the symbolic signs, and today the human started to see himself as the subject of life, work or production, and give place to himself in the artistic works. In the aesthetic works produced in this period, the human affected and reshaped the other's lives and aesthetic senses by exceeding the boundaries of the society. In this process, the developments in the human knowledge, has provided to clarify the artistic knowledge. The subject-object relation in the sculpture art appeared in different forms such as sculpture-human relations, inner-outer perceptions, subjective-objective approaches, emotional-sensitive behaviors, individual-group evaluations, and empathy. By this way, the art of work gains the possibility of most accurate comprehensibility. In the subject-object determination of the sculpture, the artist in accordance with its artistry is a subject defining itself as an object by using every existence in the world. Its aim is to make a feeling, a thought, an excitement etc. concrete in an original way and share with others; it is the intermediary fulfilling these expectations. The subject- object relation at this point is in the form of presenting new expressions by the subject as an object. In other words, it is the objectivity of the subject and the subjectivity of the object that ties the subject to the object and the object to the subject relatively. As a receiver, it is the subject that judges this new subject in the name of history, decides, and provides its livability and understanding. Once again, it is relevant to the transfers from the object to the subject and from the subject to the object. The sculpture itself as a work of art that begins with the living war of the human against the nature is one of the oldest applications of the plastic arts. This three- dimensional art object is used as a means for centuries and has developed related to religion and architecture.vu In the sculpture attaining its intellectual and formal freedom with modern art, the importance of intelligence on the art has substitute for the science, psychology, nature and feelings, and new experiments are accomplished. Certainly, the greatest factor for the objective change of the sculpture is the technology. By using different materials, the usage of the object in the sculpture is realized. The artist, far away from the idea that only aims to make permanent work, has made new trials with the daily used goods, waste materials, the technology, the electricity, and the computer. The vital areas are formed, and the spectator has become an objective part of the art of work by involving into it. The subject-object relation in the sculpture itself as an art of work is considered as the artist creates an original and particular world while working on it, by determining the necessities as a living creature, and by using the object itself as well. Its determinations, necessities, and dialogues on its own world are seen as it calls the real subject by returning the real world at the same time and transforming it to an object.