Characteri̇zati̇on and bi̇oacti̇vi̇ty studi̇es of alkaloi̇ds obtai̇ned from medi̇cal plant extracts attached to hydroxyapati̇te nanomolecules

Controlled drug release systems have gained importance in recent years, among which nanoparticle systems are at the forefront. For this reason, nanoparticle preparation and characterization techniques are important. Hydroxyapatite (HA) is used for controlled drug release due to its porous structure, high tissue compatibility and high adsorption properties. Among the poppy capsules containing morphine and noscapine in the study, concentrated morphine and noscapine were confined to hydroxyapatite nanoparticles in order to increase side effects and noscapine circulation over time due to excessive uptake of morphine obtained. In the study, antioxidant activity studies of poppy capsules were carried out and no significant antioxidant properties were determined. Characterization analyzes, drug release and biological activity studies of synthesized free, morphine and noscapine loaded HA (HA+M; HA+N) nanoparticles were performed. The formation of nanoparticles was confirmed by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM), Infrared Spectrum (FTIR) and High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) analyzes. In release experiments, no release was observed in the HA+N nanoparticle at pH 7,4 while a complete release of HA+M and HA+N nanoparticles in the pH 1,2 environment was achieved within 30 hours. In the Comet experiment, the DNA damage decreased as the concentration decreased. At the lowest concentration, HA + N caused DNA damage of 1.67 ± 0.33, whereas DNA damage was not observed in HA+M. In the results of total antioxidant and oxidant level (TAS-TOS) experiments, total oxidant capacity increased and total antioxidant capacity decreased as the concentration increased. DNA damage was found to be consistent with TAS-TOS assays. In the DNA-damaged groups, oxidant capacity was significantly increased and antioxidant capacity was decreased significantly. Thus, slow release morphine and noscapine forms were formed to reduce plasma concentration and ensure long duration of action. Therefore, toxic and side effects of drugs are reduced.