Investigation of the relationship of idiopatic scoliosis and orthodontic anomalies

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the head and neck position of individuals with idiopathic scoliosis and the factors that may affect the craniocervical angle severity, radiological findings, the effectiveness of masticatory muscles, changes in mouth opening and closing movements and orthodontic anomalies. Method: 46 patients with idiopathic scoliosis with a mean age of 14.43±2.53 and 62 healthy individuals with a mean age of 16.62±2.36 were included in this study. Clinic and cephalometric examinations of the individuals were performed. The records of all individuals were taken with the BTSDX100 device, which takes kinematic and electromyographic recordings integrated with the motion analysis system, in the laboratory of the anatomy department of the Akdeniz University Faculty of Medicine. Comparison of data according to normal distribution was done with Kolmogorov-Smirnov test. Mann Whitney U and Kruskall Wallis test were performed to examine the difference in the ratios of the groups. Chi-square test were performed for assessor's evaluations. ICC(2,1) was evaluated for the reliability of the evaluators' evaluations. Spearman correlation coefficient were made for the relationship of measurements. Results: It was observed that the lower midline deviation in the scoliosis group was higher than the control group (p=0.01). While Cobb Angle increased, SNA(º) and SNB(º) decreased, SN-GoGn(º), CVT/SN(º), CVT/PP(º), OPT/SN(º) values increased (respectively, p=0,04; p=0,04; p=0,04; p=0,03; p=0,04; p=0,04). A higher rate of lower midline deviation was found in Angle Class II individuals with scoliosis (p=0,04). The differences in masseter and temporalis measurements on the right and left side of the face were statistically higher in the scoliosis group (respectively, p=0.02; p=0.01). Conclusion: This study showed that orthodontic anomaly and scoliosis are partially related. The changes caused by scoliosis in the head and neck region and posture vary from person to person, depending on the amount of compensation. Consequently, individuals with postural disorders and scoliosis may encounter conditions associated with orthodontic anomalies such as increased craniocervical angles, mandibular midline deviation, difference in masticatory muscle activity, and airway stenosis.