Investigation of catechol-o-methyl transferase (COMT) gene VAL158MET polymorphism and its relationship with prostate cancer

In worldwide, prostate cancer is going to be the second most frequently diagnosed cancer and the fifth leading death object in men. The COMT enzyme hydrolyzes the catechol estrogens especially 2-hydroxyestradiol, resulting to generate 2-methoxyestradiol or 2- ME2, which is an inactive catechol estrogen. The objective of this written research is to investigate if the effects of the COMT gene VAL158MET polymorphism is a possible hazard factor for developing prostate cancer or malignancy. With the accomplishment of real-time PCR, we experimented COMT Val158Met polymorphism in patients with prostate cancer and comparison groups who are healthy men. Rs4680 polymorphism is an A/G transition substitution, as this case (A) allele is the wild type and (G) allele is the mutant type. According to our determination, homozygote mutant type (GG), heterozygote (GA), and homozygote wild type (AA) rates are calculated respectively as 24.5%, 49.3%, and 26.2% in the patient group. Correspondingly the ratio of the homozygote mutant type (GG), p-value was lower than (0.05) p-value = 0.491, so it is not a significant value. The ratio of the homozygote wild type (AA) was also not significant, p-value = 0.365. The ratio of the heterozygote genotype (GA) was also not significant at p-value = 0.174. This sketch has found no statistically significant sense of findings among the two groups of the patient and the comparison groups as well. According to the alleles, we also found no statistically significant findings in COMT gene polymorphism between patients and the controls. We recommend that these studies should be further carried out by increasing the sample size of the study groups to determine more exact knowledge and effect of COMT gene VAL158MET polymorphism for prostate cancer.