The effect of eosinophil and IgE levels alterations on prognosis after cardiac surgery

The purpose of this prospective, observational study is to investigate the predictive role of IgE and eosinophil levels as biomarkers of cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) which was previously indicated in the pediatric patient group but yet to be studied in the adults undergoing open heart surgery. Immune response is known to differ between children and adults. This study investigates such possible differences. In addition, the relationship between IgE level, eosinophil level and CPB complications in the adult patient group is investigated. The current study included 60 patients undergoing open heart surgery at the Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Hacettepe University Hospitals. Our study was completed by including 36 CABG patients. Blood samplings for IgE and eosinophil levels measurement were carried out at 7 time points, preoperatively (T1), at the initiation of CPB (T2), at the weaning-off CPB (T3), after protamine administration (T4), 4th hour after termination of CPB (T5), postoperative day 1 (T6), postoperative day 2 (T7). The variables including the age, weight, preoperative electrocardiographic and echocardiographic data, serum lactate levels and oxygen extraction during the procedure, mechanical ventilation duration, length of stay in the intensive care unit and hospital, as well as the 30-day mortality rate were analyzed. As a result, in contrast to the previously demonstrated results in the pediatric patient group, no association between the IgE or eosinophil levels and the mortality rate or mechanical ventilation duration was demonstrated in the adult population (p<0.05). These results suggest immune response differences between the children and adults undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass.