Validity and reliability of the coronary artery disease empowerment scale in Turkish

Introduction: Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) is one of the leading causes of death worldwide and is a common health problem in Turkey. Appropriate tools should be used to measure the empowerment of patients with CAD in treatment and care. There is no scale evaluating empowerment in coronary artery disease in Turkey. Objective: This study aims to examine the validity and reliability of the Coronary Artery Disease Empowerment Scale (CADES) by adapting it to Turkish. Method: In this methodological study, 300 patients who applied to the cardiology department of Konya City Hospital between 15 January and 15 May 2022 with coronary artery disease were included. The Turkish version of the scale was translated by language experts, and then the final version was obtained by evaluating it by an expert lecturer and researcher. Kendall Coefficient of Concordance (Kendall Coefficient of Concordance) correlation test was applied after expert opinions for content validity, and it was found that the items in the scale were understandable and applicable. Confirmatory factor analysis was used to determine the factor structure of the scale, Cronbach's alpha coefficient and split-half method were used for reliability. In the study, data were collected using the "patient information form" and "Coronary Artery Disease Empowerment Scale" created by the researcher. Data were analyzed at a significance level of 0.05 using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS, IBM, v. 23) and Analysis of Moment Structures (AMOS, v. 25.0). Descriptive statistical methods, number, percentage, mean and standard deviation were used in the evaluation of the data. Parametric and non-parametric statistical methods were used to compare the groups. Ethics committee permission and institutional permission of the study were obtained from the patients. Results: The results of the CADES factor analysis revealed that the scale had a three-dimensional structure as it was in its original form. The factor loads of the items of the scale were found to be above 0,30 except for one item, and that item was removed from the scale to form a scale with 24 items (x2/df=2.067 (good fit); SRMR=0.042 (good fit); RMSEA=0.060 (acceptance). acceptable fit); CFI=0.940 (acceptable fit); IFI=0.941 (acceptable fit)). HRRS Cronbach's alpha coefficient was found to be 0.934. Cronbach's alpha values in the sub-dimensions were 0.896 for self-determination, 0.876 for emotional self-regulation, and 0.887 for personal competence of disease management perception. The scale is in a five-point Likert type consisting of 24 items. The total score of the scale is 120 and it is accepted that the empowerment dimension increases as the score increases. Conclusion: The analysis and evaluations made show that the scale is a valid and reliable tool that can be used to measure the empowerment of coronary artery disease for Turkish society. Key Words: Coronary artery disease, Empowerment, Nursing, Validity and reliability.