Histopathologic evaluation of effects of local simvastatin and photobiomodulation by led on bone healing in critical sized defects

Studies on bone healing have recentlyfocused on easily achievable and less costly medications as well on biostimulative devices. Statins which are used for lowering high colesterol levels are leading productsin this context with their pleiotropic effects. Photobiomodulation (FBM) is a trearment alternative which aims to stimulate bone formation with light emitting diode (LED) devices. The purpose of this study is to histopathologically evaluate the effect of FBM and locally applied simvastatin on bone formation in critical size defects formed in rat calvaria. Twenty-eight spraque dawley male rats of 18 weeks were used. Two bilateral defects are createdin the clvaria of the experimental animals. Local simvastatin was applied in one of the defects where on the other one was left empty. Half of the animals were subjected to FBM treatment where on the remaining half were left to spontaneous healing. The animals were sacrified at 7 and 14 days and the specimens were histopathologically analized. Histopathologic evaluation revealed that the 14 day new bone formation levels were significantlyhigher compared to 7 days. Both combined and individual bone formation levels of FBM and simvastatin were significantly higher than the control group. It was concluded that FBM and local simvastatin had favorable effects on new bone formation however further supported researchs are definitely warranted to make more definite statements