Investigation of the effects of classical massage and proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation techniques applied to the cervical region on muscle tension, pain, functionality, and quality of life in patients with chronic nonspecific neck pain

This study aimed to compare the effects of classical massage and proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) techniques on muscle tension, pain levels, functional status, and quality of life in patients with chronic nonspecific neck pain. A total of 43 patients with chronic nonspecific neck pain were included in the study. The patients were divided into three groups: massage group (n=14), PNF group (n=15), and control group (n=14). All groups received conventional physical therapy for 6 weeks. In addition, the relevant techniques were applied to the massage and PNF groups. Before and after treatment, pain intensity was assessed using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS), muscle tension was measured with MyotonPRO, joint range of motion was evaluated with CROM, functionality was assessed with the Neck Disability Index, and quality of life was measured using the Nottingham Health Profile. Statistical analysis was performed using IBM SPSS Statistics 22. Post-treatment, improvements were observed in pain intensity, muscle tension, joint range of motion, and functionality in all groups (p<0.05). However, these improvements were more pronounced in the massage and PNF groups (p<0.05). Significant improvements in the subdimensions of quality of life related to pain, physical activity, and sleep were recorded in the massage and PNF groups (p<0.05). Significant reductions in pain intensity during rest and activity, cervical paravertebral muscle tension, and tension in the levator scapulae and trapezius muscles were noted in the massage and PNF groups (p<0.05). In terms of joint range of motion, particularly in flexion, extension, and lateral flexion, significant increases were detected in the massage and PNF groups (p<0.05). When all parameters were compared between groups, it was determined that all groups were effective, but there was no statistical superiority among them (p>0.05). As a result, classical massage and PNF techniques, when applied in addition to conventional physical therapy, have positive effects on pain, muscle tension, range of motion, functionality, and quality of life in patients with chronic nonspecific neck pain.