Identification of anaerobe bacteria from patients with periodontitis using molecular techniques

Periodontitis is an inflammatory disease damaging periodontal fibers and cement, and destructing alveolar bone. Chronic periodontitis on the other hand is the loss of periodontal attachment and alveolar bone resulting from the accumulation of plaque and resulting in the inflammation of gingiva and a pocket formation. The objectives of this thesis were molecular detection of anaerobic agents from the subgingival plaque samples and to determine whether there is any relationship between the frequency of these agents in the patients and some parameters such as plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), and probing depth (SD) that are important in determining the course of the periodontitis. For this purpose, in 2013, crevicular fluid samples were taken from 37 periododntitis patients at the Elazığ Dental Hospital and 33 otherwise healthy people by placing paper points to the periodontal pockets. Next, DNA was isolated from these samples. The DNA samples were tested by Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-Reverse hybridization method. According to the results of PCR-reverse hybridization , the agents detected from the 37 periodontitis patients were % 94 Tannerella forsythia (T. forsythia-Tf) and Fusobacterium nucleatum (F. nucleatum-Fn), % 86 Capnocytophaga türleri (C sp), % 78 Campylobacter rectus (C. rectus-Cr), % 70 Treponema denticola (T. denticola-Td), % 56 Parvimonas micra (P. micra-Pm) and Eikenella corrodens (E.corrodens-Ec), % 51 Porphyromonas gingivalis (P.gingivalis-Pg), % 21 Eubacterium nodatum (E.nodatum-En)and % 16 Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (A. actinomycetemcomitans-Aa). On the other hand, % 54 Fn , % 15 C sp, % 3 Tf and Ec were found. within the control group. When distribution of the microorganisms were looked into, the difference between the two groups were found significant (p< 0,01, p<0,001). Significant differences were detetcted in PI, GI, PD values between the groups. (p<0,001). Analyzing the relation between PD and the frequency of the occurence of bacteria, there were a significant relation between PD and the presence of Aa, Pg, Tf, Td, Pm, Cr, and Ec (p<0,05, p<0,01, p<0,001) while no significant relation was found in Pi, Fn, En, and C sp. (p> 0,05). As a result, there is a strong relationship between the clinical parameters of importance and the presence of anaerobic bacteria. PCR-reverse hybridization can be used to detect this relationship faster, and more specifically and accurately.