Sectoral green transformation in the global climate crisis: A model proposal for the Turkish logistics industry

One of the biggest causes of global climate change, which negatively affects the Earth and all living things, is the use of fossil fuels. Today, the production of the energy required by logistics systems is provided by fossil fuels to a great extent. This situation causes logistics systems to have a significant impact on global warming. In recent years, the increasing temperature averages of the world and the visible effects of global warming have forced states to take measures to reduce the effects of carbon emissions. For this purpose, the importance of policies aiming to reduce the energy use of sectors is increasing day by day. Due to its location, Turkey is among the countries most affected by global climate change and is expected to be affected the most in the future. It also makes up a large part of its trade with the European Union. For this reason, it is important to adopt policies in line with the 2050 net-zero emission targets set by the European Union in the Green Agreement. With the Green Europe Agreement, the European Union Commission has set many different targets to be carbon neutral by 2050. For this purpose, various policies are implemented both throughout the European Union and in specific countries. This thesis aims to present a model that can be a reference for each mode of transport in the environmental transformation process of the Turkish logistics industry. For this purpose, in the first stage, countries that are active in carbon emissions throughout the Union were examined by the data envelopment analysis method. Germany, France, Estonia, the Netherlands, and Italy have been the countries with the highest efficiency in the models installed in all modes of transport. In addition, rail transport has been the mode of transport in which the largest number of countries are active. Applications highlighting the active countries were determined through scans made in the academic literature. Which of these applications should be prioritized for Turkey was determined by the content analysis method through interviews with industry professionals. The findings show that different applications should be prioritized for each mode of transport. However, it has been observed that increasing logistics centers and railway investments will reduce emissions across the entire system. In addition, it has been understood that the legal regulations required to achieve the targets set by the public are insufficient. The importance of the incentive mechanism and supervisory role of the public authority is also seen in many practices that need to be implemented for environmental transformation. The results obtained from the study can guide policymakers and businesses that want to achieve environmental transformation.