Human papilloma virus prevalence and clinicopathological correlation of p53 and ki-67 expressions in primary squamous cell carcinoma of larynx

Objective: Recent studies showed that human papilloma virus infections may play a role in developing cancer in the larynx. A mutation in p53 gene increases the risk of tumorigenesis. There is a significant correlation between mitosis and Ki-67 nuclear immunoreactivity which shoes the cell proliferation.We studied samples taken from patients of 47 squamous cell carcinoma of larynx. These samples are assessed with immunohistochemical staining and analyzed with polimerase chain reaction for human papilloma virus. The results were analysed if there is a correlation between clinical parameters or not.Material and Methods: In addition to hematoxylin-eosin stain we treated the samples with PanHPV, HPV16, HPV18, p53 and Ki-67 stains. Polyclonal human papilloma virus existence was studied with polimerase chain reaction.Findings: 25 samples (53.2%) were resulted as positive and 22 samples(46.8%) were resulted negative in immunohistochemical staining with PanHPV. 27 samples (57.4%) were resulted as positive and 20 samples(42.6%) were resulted negative in immunohistochemical staining with HPV 16. In p53 examination 22 of samples (46.8%) were dyed low leveled and 25 of samples (53.2%) were dyed high leveled. In Ki-67 examination 19 of samples (40.4%) were dyed low leveled and 28 of samples (59.6) were dyed high leveled. Association with human papilloma virus positiveness and high leveled Ki-67 staining was observed. Relationship between p53 and grade also studied. It has been found that decreasing in differentiation is associated with increasing in p53 expression.Result: Temporariness of most of human papilloma virus infections, patchy involvement and studying with samples embed into paraffin makes it difficult to diagnose human papilloma virus infections and classifying. Future studies will provide fast and cheap diagnostic methods and maybe vaccination will take a place in clinical practice for head-neck carcinomas like vaccines using for preventing cervical cancer. Ki-67 and p53 overexpression considered as a prognostic factor for squamous cell carcinoma of larynx. Further studies will provide a better understanding for role of these parameters in treatment and follow-up of squamous cell carcinoma of larynx.