Islamic and social movements in the Maghreb and Algeria

The Islamic movements which influence the political motive of the Algeria as the largest country of the African and Maghrib region has been explained as the history of political struggles within the historical development process in literature. Whereas such a kind of movements changing, waving and transforming depending upon the time and space with different names, targets and incentives are not possible to illuminate just merely by political impulses and impetuses. The movements in question are directly and substantially relevant with the social dynamics. As a logical connection of this perspective, our main thesis in this study is the Hirak movement broken out as the uprising against the fifth nomination of Bouteflika, as the representative of the military tutelage and existing president, has been shaped by the social dynamics and aimed to construct a new model of society more democratic, coherent and fairer. Actually both Algeria and Maghrib generally witness the rather dynamic social movements during the history due to her cultural diversity, and multiethnic and geopolitical character. These Islamic movements together with the other circles of faith and ideology play the significant roles in shaping the society. The study demonstrates that the Islamic movements are capable of preserving their existences, influences and strengths constantly. This study allocated to the Algerian social movements excluding the Libya and Western Sahara and aimed to emphasize the importance of the region and display the vulnerability of the social structure and to warn the haphazard of manipulation of these movements by external powers with colonialist mindset. As a result the study concludes with the suggestions proving the ways of reflecting the social demands into the public sphere by taking the sui generis character into the consideration. Keywords: Algeria, Hirak, Jihadism, Maghrib, Social Movements