Effect of Enalapril Maleate on the Ghrelin and Obestatin Levels in Metabolic Syndrome Performed in Rats.

Effect of Enalapril Maleate on the Ghrelin and Obestatin Levels in Metabolic Syndrome Performed in Rats.Metabolic syndrome (MS) characterized by a cluster of metabolic abnormalities affecting gradually increasing people in the world leads to important morbidity. It is recently speculated that ghrelin, newly regulatory peptide, may have prominent role in the pathogenesis of MS. Obestatin decreases actions of ghrelin via opposite effects to ghrelin.Enalapril is known to have protective effects on renal and cardiovascular systems. Moreover, it is reported that enalapril decreases body weights and fat tissue. In this study, the effects of enalapril were investigated on ghrelin and obestatin serum and liver and renal tissues levels in the experimental rat model of MS.The study included 50 male Wistar albino rats, 5 weeks old and weighing 220 ? 20 gram. Rats received normal foods and were randomized to 5 groups (n=9 for each group). Group 1 (control) rats received tap water alone 60 days. MS is come into being via drinking tap water plus 10% fructose 60 days in the group 2 (MS group). The group 3 rats receiving tap water plus 10% fructose were applied enalapril maleate (20 mg/kg/day) using orogastric catheter at the second 30 days. The group 4 rats receiving tap water alone were also applied same dose of enalapril maleate 60 days. The group 5 rats receiving tap water plus 10% fructose were applied enalapril maleate 60 days.Experimental created as MS, acyl ghrelin levels are decreased (p<0.05) in the control group according to the specific, in fact, in all three groups given enalapril, serum ghrelin levels, control and the MS group were followed by decreases (p<0.05, p<0.01, p<0.05). In the groups, desacyl ghrelin level was parallel to acyl ghrelin level. But serum obestatin levels in MS group were found higher than control group (p<0.05). In all three groups given enalapril, serum level of obestatin to ghreline levels increased in parallel opposite. But this increase compared with MS group, only fourth group were significant (p<0.05). In tissue, kidney tissue levels of ghrelin; MS group is no significant difference between the control group. But obestatine levels increased in MS group (p<0.01). In liver tissue, ghreline and obestatine levels between MS and control group is not a significant difference.In immunohistochemical paint ghreline and obestatine immunreactive density, that was found in parallel with the two peptide serum levels. In kidney; immunreactivity of ghrelin, distal and collector tubuls medium (++), was monitored in the proximal tubuls and glomeruls light (+) intensity but, group of MS and group of given enalapril in this density, a decrease was seen. In the groups immunreactivity of obestatine, ghreline in the opposite characteristics. While mild (+) immunreactivities of ghrelin in the liver tissue sections localised to santral vein region and parenchyma were detected in the control group which are similar in the MS group, increased (++) immunreactivities of obestatin were observed in these localisations in the MS induced rats which are treated with enalapril.Serum glucose, insulin, and HOMA-IR levels, for the MS group had an increase, in this case, the enalapril treatment groups were correct. Lipid parameters are examined, the same positive effect was found.As a result, the MS as statistically between ghrelin and obestatin levels there is a relationship. With treatment of enalapril MS components improvement is seen and regardless of MS shows direct effects on ghrelin and obestatin.