Social change from modernism to postmodernism

In thıs study, the general line of changes from modernism to postmodernism is examined and discussed, with the help of the theories of some important classical and contemporary sociologists. The main purpose of the study is to examine the overall process of the evolutionary conception of social change (evolutionary model) to date and its validity today. The reason why social change is chosen as the subject of this study is that the social movements, the political events, the unemployment, the past revolutions are the issues that we face in social life and media outlets in almost every day and couldn't remain unresponsive. The basic problem field of the study is determined as 'today's validity of evolutionary model' and the study is shaped on this main issue. In this regard, it is questioned to what extent the ideas defended by the evolutionary model that is listed among classical type social change theories established in the 19th century could protect their validity in the 21st century. In order to determine whether or not evolutionary model's visions, structures and systems produced in accordance with these visions protect their validity today the effects of classical, modern and postmodern discourses on social life have been analyzed comparatively. In this descriptive study for which qualitative data collection technique is employed, the study data is obtained from secondary sources, particularly from the thesis dissertations directly associated with the research subject. The findings obtained through the literature review were analyzed in a comparative manner and logical conclusions were obtained. It is considered that is study, in which the transition from traditional life to modern life is analyzed with a different point of view and by being associated to evolutionary model is supposed to make a contribution to the related literature. When the comparing traditional life and modern life, we see some obvious differences. It is assumed that modernism is based on wisdom and science and would make the life easier by isolating people from superstitions. However, neither any systems and nor any rudiments forming these systems are perfect. Modern life has lots of faulty points, too. For example, economic equality does not exist. Modern life hasn't been able to prevent crimes, injustice and many other unfavorable events. In other words, it has fallen short of the expectations and not been able to build up peace fully. On the contrary, since modern life is associated with more consumption, it forced people to consume more but feel sad. In other saying, continuous consumption has led to possession more and dissatisfaction. Every system is based on human and, individuals are erratic. Disparities, struggles and wars will take place in everywhere human beings exist. It is possible someday to see that modern life is replaced by another system. A new day bring along differences. Therefore, a theory that was established in the 19th century shouldn't be expected to enlighten today's world entirely. Likewise, it is impossible to consider progression as a single linear line. "Evolutionary Model" defended by Ziya Gökalp who is inspred by Emile Durkheim is criticized by American sociologists primarily because of the argument that is has abstract meaning is terms of sociology and they found it insufficient. But, there is no doubt that if we want to evaluate a society's culture properly, we are compelled to evaluate societies and cultures in accordance with the changing conditions. The study consists of five sections. The first section focuses on concept of society, distinction of concepts of sociology and society, notable people and types of social change are mentioned. In the second section, reasons of social change are mentioned and factors leading to social change are put emphasis on. Moreover, classic and modern change theories are discussed in the section. In the third section, modernism and birth of modernism are firstly presented with the purpose of analyzing the relation between modernizm and social change. This section also includes ideas by theoreticians who have made contribution to modernism. Modernism principles, social movements as part of modernism, relations with western countries, relation between globalization and consumption, concepts of individual and identity are also discussed in this section. In the fourth section, it is aimed to determine common and different points between todays life styles and the postmodern condition by comparing modernism to postmodernism. The fifth section includes todays state and importance of evolutionary model starting from its relation with capitalism.