Villa Rustica in the light of mosaics

Agriculture is one of the most important sources of livelihood that has started with the settled life of humanity and has been continuing without losing its importance for ages and shaped by necessity. Agriculture and then transition to settled life paved the way for further shaping of a basic need such as housing. With the advancement of technology and the shaping of production, the building type, which initially emerged with huts made by shepherds from reeds, began to turn into home-style architecture in rural areas. Increasing demand for production and shaping of production, storage, and protection of crops have also brought up essential elements. In the past, while having a simple architecture, over time, the farm settlements became complex with the addition of important parts such as a silo, storage, and barn. The desire of humankind to move all the opportunities and luxury of the city life to the countryside in time led to the formation of the villa rustica architecture which turned into large mansions towards the end of the Republic especially with the Roman Period. And this architecture was spread to almost all parts of the Empire. The most straightforward and most spectacular examples of villa rustica architecture, which especially encountered in scenes from which the pastoral life is depicted, have an essential place in the mosaic art of the provinces of North Syria and North Africa of Rome. Villa rustica depictions on mosaics, which of the first samples seen in the 2nd century AD and the density was in 4th-6th century AD, are an important visual archaeological evidence.