Investigation of autophagic effects of myxoma viruses in multiple myeloma

MM (Multiple Myeloma) is the second most common malignant disease among all hematological malignancies and affects plasma cells. Recent developments in the treatment of MM have led to new drugs and treatment protocols, and researches on cure for MM have gained momentum in recent years. For this purpose, it was aimed to investigate the autophagy effects on the antimyeloma activities of Myxomaviruses, which is an oncolytic virus known to be effective in Multiple Myeloma. In addition, Bcl-2, which is an apoptosis indicator, was also analyzed at different virus doses to evaluate the relationship between autophagy and apoptosis, which are pathways that affect each other especially in cancer. For this purpose, we examined Bcl-2 for apoptosis while using Atg-5, p-62, Beclin-1, LC-IIIB as autophagy markers by using different doses of MYXV in human U-266 and mouse MOPC 315 Myeloma cell lines. . In this thesis study, both U266 and MPOC cell lines were used. Analyzes were evaluated with ELISA. Electron Microscopy was used to visualize autophagosomes in autophagy. As a result of the study, we determined that ATG 5 and Beclin-1 increases were increased in U-266 and MOPC-315 cell lines in the first 24 hours, which is the early stage of autophagy, especially in groups containing high virus such as 15 MOI. We showed autophagy as autophagosomes in Electron Microscopy. We detected the increase in LCIIIB, which is a late indicator of autophagy, in 48 hours. Again, we detected autophagosomes in the late autophagy period with Electron Microscopy. We did not detect the increase in Bcl-2, which is used as a marker of apoptosis, in the lines. This marker was examined in terms of apoptosis autophagy relationship. However, this relationship may need to be evaluated in different studies by using more apoptosis indicators. As a result, in this thesis, which is the first study conducted in terms of autophagy relationship with MYXV, whose antimyeloma activity is known in MM, we determined that the virus uses autophagy effectively.