Analysis of foreign trade determinants of OECD countries within the framework of the gravity model: Testing the Linder Hypothesis

The field of international trade; ıt has expanded rapidly thanks to the diversification of social needs, developing technology and the increase in the international mobility of trade in goods and services. These advances in international trade have had a significant impact on economic studies, especially in recent years. These conditions, which have changed over time, have led to the emergence of many new models and theories and have created new areas of study for academic studies.In this study, first of all, foreign trade theories that emerged from traditional trade theories to new foreign trade theories were examined. Then, within the framework of the gravity model, the determinants of 36 OECD countries on bilateral foreign trade relations in 2001-2018 were examined.Variables used as determinants of foreign trade between these countries; to see the effects of the countries' fixed 2010 base year gross domestic product (GDP) variable, exchange rate, distance, EU membership, EURO membership, Schengen membership and social factors of the countries, whether the countries are neighbors, whether the countries speak the same language, whether the countries have a common colonial past. Factors such as whether they have. In addition, in order to examine whether the established export model supports the Linder Hypothesis, the variable expressed as the difference of the countries' gross domestic product (KBGDP) per capita was included in the model. The findings obtained as a result of the research have been found to support the Linder Hypothesis of the export model. It is seen that the obtained coefficients of the basic gravity model variables are in harmony with the economic expectation. Keywords:Gravity Model, Linder Hypothesis, GSYİH, OECD, Export