Factors influencing the formation of Russian political culture and its manifestation in Soviet foreign policy in the framework of rhetoric and action in the 1945-1964 period

Mankind established the concept of state for sustainable policies that will meet their needs, especially security. This form of state has transformed and developed dynamically throughout the history in line with the development process of humanity and the advancements in the means of production. On the other hand, each state is influenced by the society from which it derives its sources, creates its political culture based on its values and develops policies in this direction. Russian political culture was formed with the influence of Slavic ethnic identity which has its basis in geographical location, cultural values taken from the Byzantine state through Christianity, the steppe political culture which was transferred from the Khazar Khaganate and the Golden Horde Khanate and socialist ideology transferred from Western world. The Soviet Union brought the sources of Russian political culture into action between the period 1945-1964 by means of developing rhetoric in pursuing the Sovietization, formulating its approach towards Middle Eastern countries and handling crises and conflicts in foreign policy. As part of the Sovietization, Moscow brought its expansionist political tradition into action through the rhetoric "the unification of proletariat" in a view to achieving its panslavist objectives with the help of its institutions such as the intelligence, the Red Army and the Communist Party. Despite the prohibition of beliefs in the Soviet ideology, messianic approaches were used in the Middle East as an effective cultural tool, and an attempt was made to connect the Egyptian Orthodox church to Moscow for ensuring the success of the African policies through the Orthodox Church. Keywords: Foreign Policy, Action, Identity, Political Culture, Soviet Union, Rhetoric