The place of turism in the economy of country and its effect on the growth of economy in ten selected important countries

The contribution of tourism sector to national economies of selected ten countries. As an emerging sector, tourism has shown significant developments since the 1950s. Beyond its cultural effect, it has also important economic concequences such as contribution to national income, employment, investment and reducing effects of current account deficit. Not only international tourism, but also domestic tourism has the same effects. This study has the hypothesis that tourism plays an important economic roles even in the industrial and large economies. These countries are Germany, Italy, Spain, France, U.K, U.S.A., Australia, Japan as industrial and large economies and China and Turkey as large economies. The period under investigation is from 2000 to 2012. Basic tourism statistics and basic statitical techniques have been employed. The importance findings are as follows: 45 percent of international tourists traveled and 45 percent of spendings on international tourism have been channelled to these 10 countries. Therefore, these countries are important tourism destinations. Total spendings on tourism (domestic and international) have a share of 5 to 10 percent in the gross domestic products of these countries. Expenditures on domestic tourism has 50 to 70 percent shares in total tourism receipts. Therefore, it is understand that a small change in tourism expenditures may have significant effects on national economies. This significance of tourism has not been deeply effected from the Global Economic Crisis of 2008. Investments on tourism sector has little effected from the Global Crisi and generally has a rising trend. As year-by-year investment is concerned, each dollar invested in tourism has generated 10,5 dollars income in the same year. Despite these positive contributions, the same trend has not been observed in employment in tourism. Indeed, employment in tourism sector either stagnated or even declined between 2000 and 2012. The reason for this situation may have two possible explanations: Technology is advancing and tourists and firms are using more technology than labour, and exchange rate differentials. As a conclusion, the hypothesis of the importance of tourism sector in the economies of industrialized and large economies have been mostly proven except the employment effect. Keywords: Tourism sector in large economies, income generated by tourism, touristic investments, employment generated by tourism, contribution to gross domestic product