Comparision of the European Union and Shanghai cooperation organization with thei̇r political and economic structures

This study presents a comparative analysis of the political and economic structures of The European Union (EU) and The Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO). Although both organizations constitute effective examples of integration, they differ in terms of their historical origins, institutional structures and operational methods. While The EU is a structure based on international institutions, supported by democratic legitimacy mechanisms and established to ensure deep economic integration, the SCO offers a model based on state sovereignty and flexible cooperation between governments. In this study, the institutional elements of The EU such as The European Parliament, The European Commission and The European Cort of Justice, as well as The Concil of Heads of State, The Concil of Heads of Goverment and The Secretariat of The SCO, are examined detail. In economic terms, the integration components of The EU such as the single market, The Eurozone and common monetary policies are compared with the cooperation mechanisms of The SCO focused on energy, trade and infrastructure. The main argument of the thesis is that The EU and The SCO, despite undertaking similar functions, present two completely different organizational models in terms of their levels of political and economic integration, institutional depth and normative orientations. These differences are evident not only in their internal structures but also in their roles and influences within the international system. In this context, the study helps to understand the position of both structures in terms of global power balances, geopolitical competition and regional cooperation.