The bandit (Eşkiya) a movie by Yavuz Turgul: Transformation of the hero, from a social bandit, to Mafia

The bandits were the ones whom a section of the provincial society heroized by sympathy for various reasons, and the remaining sections and rulers described them as tyrants. The aim of this study is to investigate the banditry which is a rural phenomenon which is one of the narrative groups in oral culture and has found a living space for a long time; to examine the conceptual, historical and cultural context of this phenomenon which ends with the changing social structure, and to deal with the relationship between the mafia, an urban phenomenon, which indirectly replaces it, in the film of Yavuz Turgul's Eşkıya (1996). In this study, the similarities and differences between the reasons of the occurrence and spread of two cases in the transitivity between bandit and mafia cases were revealed. The bandit as a hero model is considered in the context of Hobsbawm's concept of "social bandit". The heroic adventure of Yavuz Turgul's Eşkıya film, the main hero Eşkya (Baran), was examined within the framework of Joseph Campbell's "The Infinite Journey of the Hero, Departure, Adulthood and Return, and the other heroes, time, space and social changes in the film, effects of the bandits in the city were analyzed.