The investigation of high carbohydrate diet exposure and effects in colon in sprague dawley rats during maternal and maturation periods

MUSA, S.O.F (2021). The Investigation of High-Carbohydrate Diet Exposure and Effects in Colon in Sprague Dawley Rats During Maternal and Maturation Periods. Yeditepe University, Institute of Health Sciences, Department of Physiology, MSc Thesis, Istanbul. Nutrition has an important role in shaping the gut microbiome thus the health of the colon. The effects of carbohydrates on the human health have been widely investigated but the exposure of high carbohydrates on colon tissue during pregnancy has not been fully illustrated. The aim of the present study to investigate high carbohydrate intake exposure in colon tissue during maternal and maturation period. Rats were fed with high carbohydrate diet during the first stage of the study (gestation and lactation) and in the second stage of study (maturation). The experiment was terminated by removing the proximal colon tissue and feces of the rats under anesthesia after 21 days G+21 days L and 120 days M. The effect of diet during diet on proximal colon morphology was measured by hematoxylin-eosin (HE). H2AX and RAD51 DNA repair biomarker proteins were determined by immunofluorescence (IF). The production of reactive oxygen species and the causes of colon distress, total oxidant status (TOS) and total antioxidant status (TAS) in proximal colon tissue was determined by Rel Assay. High exposure of carbohydrate diet cause mild disturbance in colon crypt, a tendency increase in TOS for the maternal HCD-SFD group while it shows a tendency decrease in TAS for the maternal and maturation HCD-HCD group. OSI presented only a tendency increase in the HCD-HCD group. High maturation diet (SFD-HCD) and high carbohydrate diet (HCD-HCD) shows a tendency increase of RAD51 expression levels. In conclusion, high carbohydrate diet may have a possible effect in disturbing the colon tissue during maternal and maturation period. Keywords: Maternal/Maturation periods, RAD51, H2AX, Proximal colon, Reactive oxygen species.