The effect of water, tea and coffee consumption on anthropometric and biochemical values

Introduction and aim: The effects of water, tea and coffee on our bodies have always been a matter of curiosity, and their health benefits and damages have been studied for decades. Water plays an important role in the occurance of all kinds of biochemical reactions in our body. Tea and coffee are the most commonly consumed drinks except water worldwide. Tea has several effects on health with its antioxidant and rich polyphenolic substance content, while coffee may have effects on health through caffeine, chlorogenic acid and diperthene alcohol. In this study, we aimed to examine the effects of water, tea and coffee consumption on biochemical and anthropometric values. Material-Method: The study was conducted with individuals between the ages of 18-90 who applied to Maltepe University Medical Faculty Hospital check-up outpatient clinic between May 2021 and May 2022. The amount of water, green tea, black tea, coffee consumed by the individuals daily, biochemical and vitamin values, hepatosteatosis degrees, defecation habits, blood pressures and anthropometric measurement values made by Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis were recorded from the patient files. The analysis of the data was made with the SPSS 24 package program, and the statistical significance level was accepted as p<0.05. Results: The mean age of the participants was 49.57±13.73 years, 49.1% were women. Participants consumed an average of 1.58±0.75 liters of water, 0.44±0.84 glasses of green tea, 4.34±3.78 glasses of black tea, and 1.59±1.47 glasses of coffee per day. With the increase in tea consumption, a statistically significant increase was found in fasting plasma glucose, fasting insulin, triglyceride, HbA1c, HOMA-IR values, waist circumference, BMI, body fat ratio, internal adiposity, body fat mass and a statistically significant decrease was found in HDL cholesterol, body fluid ratio. Body lean mass, body muscle mass and BMR were found to be higher in those who consume more coffee. While water consumption was found to be statistically significantly correlated with BUN, AST, ALT values, the increase in water consumption did not cause a statistically significant difference in other biochemical and anthropometric values. No statistically significant relationship was found between green tea consumption with biochemical and anthropometric values. Conclusion: A lineer relationship was found between tea consumption and anthropometric and biochemical values related to obesity, while coffee, which we think may have an effect on fat burning, was not found to be associated with these parameters. It is thought that this result may be due to consumption of junk food with tea and coffee during daily socialization meetings and excessive tea drinking after meals with heavy carbohydrate or fat content. The cross-sectional structure of our study does not allow to see what effects water, tea and coffee will have on the body when the effect of other confounding factors is eliminated by the same individual, prospective studies are needed to provide this.