Comparison of microleakage and root canal dentin adaptation after single visit apexificationtreatment with retrograde filling materials in single rooted young permanent teeth

Background: Single visit apexification treatment is an effective alternative in young permanent teeth whose root development ceases due to trauma and deep caries. Aim: The purpose of the this study was to evaluate coronal and apical microleakage and dentin adaptation of three different types of mineral trioxide aggregate and Biodentine using scanning electron microscope (SEM) in single visit apexification procedures carried out in vitro. Material and Method: 200 single-rooted permanent teeth extracted for orthodontic reasons were selected. After simulation of the open apex model, 184 of them were used for the measurement of apical and coronal microleakage, and 16 of them were used for SEM examination. Single visit apexification treatment was applied to the teeth (20 samples in each group) using Angelus MTA, Ortho MTA, Retro MTA and Biodentine. For each group and for the positive and negative groups, coronal and apical leakage was evaluated. For examination of microleakage, the samples were kept in 2% methylene blue at 37℃ for 72 hours. Following this, micro metric measurements were carried out under stereomicroscope. In apical and coronal regions, SEM examination was done on the images. The distances between the material and dentin were measured micrometrically using computer. The data collected were analyzed statistically. Results: According to the results of the microleakage examination, significantly more leakage was observed in Biodentine group compared to Angelus MTA and Retro MTA groups considering apical and coronal measurements. There was no statistically significant difference between the MTA groups (p<0.05). In terms of dentin adaptation, no significant difference was found between the groups in apical regions. However in coronal regions, Biodentine exhibited significantly greater gap dimensions compared to other groups. Conclusion: In the present study, it was concluded that Ortho MTA and Retro MTA can be used as alternative biomaterials in single visit apexification treatments of single-rooted young permanent teeth. It was also found that Biodentine is less successful compared to MTA groups considering microleakage and marginal adaptation results.