The effect of motivational individual counseling intervention and sending text messages based on supratheoretical model on smoking cessation behavior in pregnant women

This study is a pretest-posttest designed, randomized controlled and quasiexperimental intervention research. This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of motivational individual consulting initiative based on Transtheoretical Model and sending text messages prepared according to the stages of change, on the smoking cessation behaviour of pregnant women. The sample group of the study consists of 60 pregnant women who applied to Polyclinic of Gynaecology and Obstetrics of Söke Fehime Faik Kocagöz State Hospital between the dates 01.06.2018 and 30.04.2019. Minimum number of individuals to be included in the sampling was calculated and the effect size was determined as 0.39. To determine the sample size, power analysis was carried out (Gpower 3.1.9.2 and effect size: 0.39, alpha: 0.05 power: 0.90 and df: 1) and the minimum number of individuals to be included in the sampling was determined as 40. It was planned to include 30 pregnant women in the interference group and 30 pregnant women in the control group concerning the possibility of loss. Four pregnant women in the interference group did not continue being monitored, and one pregnant woman was excluded from the analysis since she suffered a miscarriage. Due to change of the address and phone information of the two pregnant women in the control group, they could not be reached, one pregnant woman who suffered a miscarriage and two women with preterm birth were excluded from the analysis. The study was conducted on 50 pregnant women, 25 of them in the interference group and 25 of them in the control group. A theory-based motivational individual counselling initiative has been applied to the interference and WhatsApp text messages have been sent three days a week, in accordance with the stages of change to support the interviews. The data of this study was analysed using SPSS 21 package software. The stages of changes of the pregnant women in the interference group determined during the interviews were compared and it has been determined that the difference between the stages of changes was statistically significant (p<0.05). In the comparison of post-partum monitoring, it was found that there was a VI statistically significant difference between the interference and control groups in terms of Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence Average Points. The high level of Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence Average Points in the control group was statistically significant (p<0.05). Between the behavioural changes of the pregnant women of the interference group in the final monitoring and the decisional balance scale total points, a high level, negative and significant relationship was found (r=0.73; p<0.05). For the pregnant women of interference and control groups, pre monitoring's carbon monoxide (CO) measurement averages to the final monitoring was significant low with the rate of 1.9±2.1 in the interference group (p<0.05). All pregnant women in the interference group stated that they would recommend the message campaign called 'İkiniz İçin Bırakın' (Quit smoking for both of you) to their friends who smoke and want to quit, and that they asked this kind of text message campaigns to be provided by family health centres and hospitals. The results of the study shows that the motivational individual consulting initiative based on Transtheoretical Model and sending text messages prepared according to the stages of changes, decreased the Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence Points and CO level of the pregnant women and has a positive effect on the behavioural change. Keywords; Pregnant Women; Transtheoretical Model; Motivational Interviewing; Text Messaging; Smoking Cessation