The role of the Arabic language on the establishment of Mu'tazilian thinking (Kashshaf exemplary)

The Mu'tazila is a sect which became distinguished in the history of Islamic thinking by bringing the mind before the transcript. The members of this school being talked of defended that the Qor'an has to be understood in the direction of the fundamental principles named usul al-khams and many times misinterpreted based on the Arabic language the verses which they found contrary to the principles. In this regard, the Mu'tazila used the language in their religious expressions as supportive to the sectional arguments instead of profiting from the language with giving priority to the text. One of them is Zamakhsharî (d. 538/1144), who defended on the one hand the Mu'tazilian arguments in his tafsir named Kashshaf and on the other hand used his gains he owns in the area of language to explain the linguistic and literary features the verses sustain. The main goal of this study is to determine and analyze the subjects concerning the Arabic language that Zamakhsharî used while explaining verses to support his sectional acceptances or disproof the criticism directed to the Mu'tazila. This study, which is done with the screening and classification methods, consists of an introduction, three chapters, and a result. In this study especially the relation that the Mu'tazilian tradition set up with the Arabic language is tried to be determined and after that, the tafsir named Kashshaf is analyzed in context of the Arabic language and Mu'tazilian thinking. The data relating to the Arabic language Zamakshari used in this tafsir by following the sectional doctrine are particularly examined beneath the grammar and eloquence headlines. It is been determined from the explanations of Zamakhsharî in his Kashshaf about grammar subjects like pronoun reference, nominal annexation, exceptions, and some characters that his firm belief has been effective. Besides that, it is determined that some eloquence elements, impending metaphors, in usage are serving for the sectional thinking of Zamakhsharî.