Investigation of anti-inflammatory activities of Thymbra spicata and Salvia triloba

Inflammation, which is a natural response of the conduction system against any trigger of the body, does not spread in two ways as acute and chronic. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are widely used in the treatment of inflammation. However, their creation and gastrointestinal system side effects limit their use. For this reason, the search for new anti-inflammatory drugs with less side use continues. Among these alternatives, natural products have an important potential with their wide variety of biologically active containers. Cytokines play an active role in the inflammation process. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) is a pro-inflammatory cytokine that plays a role in the initiation and maintenance of inflammation. Interleukin-10 (IL-10) is an anti-inflammatory immunosuppressive cytokine. It is possible to explain the anti-inflammatory activity of the variety, which is distinguished by the presence of these cytokines recently synthesized by macrophage components. Muğla region is an important potential for raw material searches with its wide variety of vegetation. This thesis works; It is aimed to extract the plants of Thymbra spicata and Salvia triloba as an anti-inflammatory, which have serious economic and maintenance value and have been used for many years as a spice and for the treatment of ailments such as sore throat and cold. The anti-inflammatory cells of these noxious oils and extracts were investigated on the Human monocytic THP-1 cell line. Cytotoxic performance of pest oil and extracts on THP-1 monocyte cells differentiated with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) as the first plant MTT (3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) was targeted by the method. The IC50 values for T. spicata extract and using oil because of the MTT test were calculated as 112 µg/mL and 18.38 µg/mL, respectively. IC50 for Salvia triloba extract >1000 µg/mL; In the oil of Salvia triloba use, the IC50 value was calculated as 385.76 µg/mL. The anti-inflammatory activities of essential oils and extracts at subcytotoxic doses were investigated on THP-1 cells differentiated into macrophages with PMA. Cells stimulated with lipopolysaccharide to induce inflammation were 62.5-31.25 and 15.625 µg/mL of T. spicata extract; 15.625-7.81 and 3.9 µg/mL of essential oil, 1000-500 and 250 µg/mL of S. triloba extract; essential oil was treated with 250-125 and 62.5 µg/mL concentrations. After this treatment, the levels of interleukin-10 (IL-10) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) released from the cells were determined with the commercial ELISA kit. In the treatment with T. spicata extract, the highest IL-10 secretion was detected in the cells treated with 62.5 µg/mL extract, and at a concentration of 15.625 µg/mL in the treatment with essential oil. In the treatment with S. triloba extract, the highest IL-10 secretion was detected in the cells treated with 1000 µg/mL extract, and 250 µg/mL in the treatment with essential oil. In the treatment with T. spicata extract, the lowest TNF-α secretion was measured in cells treated with 62.5 µg/mL extract, while the lowest TNF-α level was detected at the concentration of 15.625 µg/mL in the treatment with essential oil. In the treatment with S. triloba extract, the lowest TNF-α secretion was detected in the cells treated with 1000 µg/mL extract, and the lowest TNF-α level in the treatment with essential oil was determined at 250 µg/mL concentration. As a result; The decrease in TNF-α secretion, a pro-inflammatory cytokine, in extract and essential oil treatments, and the increase in the secretion of IL-10, an anti-inflammatory cytokine, show that the extracts and essential oils of these two plant species have strong in vitro anti-inflammatory activity. The results obtained constitute pioneering data for the anti-inflammatory potential of these two plant species, which are widely used among the public, for new drug raw material studies.