Evaluation of type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with video head impulse test (v-HIT)

Vestibular problems can also be seen in patients with Type2 diabetes mellitus (Type2DM) as a result of microangiopathic changes. The aim of this study is to evaluate the v-HIT results of individuals diagnosed with Type2DM for less than 10 years (<10 years of diabetes) and individuals who have been diagnosed with Type2DM for at least 10 years (≥10 years of diabetes). In this study; a total of 90 participants were evaluated, including thirty patients in the diabetes group for <10 years, thirty patients in the diabetes group for ≥10 years, and thirty individuals with normal vestibular test results. Spontaneous nystagmus, head shaking test, oculomotor tests, positional tests, romberg, tandem romberg, v-HIT and Vestibular Disorders Activities of Daily Living Scale (VADL) were applied to all individuals. The v-HIT VOR gains in all semicircular canals of the ≥10 years of diabetes group were found to be significantly lower than the control group (p <0.001). Thus, v-HIT VOR gains in the left anterior and right posterior semicircular canals of the <10 years of diabetes group were found to be significantly lower than the control group (p <0.05). All semicircular canal v-HIT VOR gains of the ≥10 years of diabetic group except right lateral semicircular canal were found to be significantly lower than those of <10 years of diabetes group (p <0.05). There was no statistically significant correlation between the duration of insulin using and v-HIT VOR gains (p> 0.05). As a result of VADL, it was seen that the score of three patients with <10 years of Type2DM and six patients with ≥10 years of Type2DM was over 91 points. According to v-HIT results of patients with Type2DM and healthy individuals, it was determined that there was a significant decrease in v-HIT VOR gains of Type2DM patients whose oculomotor and vestibulospinal test results were not affected by the test results yet. As a result of VADL, it was determined that patients with Type2DM tend to act cautiously during daily life activities.