The historical development of mass housing and the place of mass housing in the urban texture of İstanbul

THE HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT OF MASS HOUSING AND THE PLACE OF MASS HOUSING IN THE URBAN TEXTURE OF ISTANBUL Shelter is one of the most basic needs and rights of human beings. Housing should be easily accessible to all layers of society. The industrial studies in Western countries and the problem of housing and low-income accommodation in the cities modernized after the Industrial Revolution; It is considered as a "social housing problem" with the effect of many economic, political and social factors. The housing problem began to be seen in the early 1800s in many countries such as England, Germany and France, which acquired contemporary standards with the Industrial Revolution. Studies on the housing problem in these countries have been carried out for about 200 years. All of the solutions produced have been prepared in detailed planning, taking into account not only the housing production but also many different elements. The housing problem in Turkey started in the 1950s with the intense immigration to big cities and the acceleration of population growth. In order to solve this problem, the measures taken against this problem in the West and the studies carried out were examined and housing policies were started to be formed in Turkey. The class that has experienced the housing problem most from the past to the present is the low-income working class. In European countries, states have worked to solve this problem, and they have met the needs of citizens on a humanitarian scale with works such as social housing loans and low-rent housing. Today, it is seen that the concept of rental social housing does not work. In the study, the concept of housing from the past to the present will be examined and the positive aspects of mass housing will be revealed by examining the new housing types together with the changes experienced today.