Philosophical argumentation of medical praxis: Ontological, epistemological, logical analysis and argumentation

Our aim in this thesis study is that ontological, epistemological and logical analysis of the basic concepts of medical praxis with focusing "health and disease." From the ontological perspective, description of a particular of the human being, and conceptualization and argumentation of health and disease (health, disease, patient, doctor, medicine and components of medicine, categories of medicine, medical praxis, treatment, cure, healing, etc.) are constructed; on this ontological ground, different comprehension and styles of medical practice are brought into the open, and argumented; and the correlations between philosophy and medical praxis will be evaluated epistemologically, logically, ontologically, phenomenologically, and semiologically. The dynamics of relationships and interactions of doctor and patient are analyzed and argumented; the definitions of health and disease -and the related concepts- and the components of the process were made; and from the epistemological perspective, the kinds, sources, and reliability of the medical knowledge, and the methodology of the production of the medical knowledge are tried to delineate. Epistemological differences and interactions among the various styles of medical praxis, and also the functions, roles, and effects of non-scientific ways of knowing and doxastic practices in medicine are tried to be defined. The logic systems/ applications in the basic medical sciences and medical praxis, and the argumentation of these logic systems are discussed. The ontological, epistemological and logical mentality in modern medicine, and also the problems due to the paradigm shift arising especially with the contemporary advancement in science and technology, and their effects in medical praxis were analyzed philosophically. Extensive demonstration of the architecture of the medical praxis is done, with all of the parameters are related to each other; hence, a holistic analysis and understanding are tried to provide. The question which is answered here is the paradigm shifts thorough the long history of medicine, and the background of the praxis in modern medicine. In this study, ontological, epistemological and logical aspects of philosophy of medicine are discussed; ethics part of the study will be discussed later, with the consideration of that ethics part of the philosophy of medicine should be constructed on the ontological and epistemological argumentations. Keywords: Philosophy of Medicine, Medical Ontology, Medical Epistemology, Medical Logic, Phenomenology, Health, Disease, Semiology.