Mobility in Turkish novel (1876-1923)

The phenomenon of movement has had a great impact on social dynamics in every period of human history and has played an important role in social, cultural and economic transformations. For this reason, the concept of mobility has long been seen as the dynamic part of movement and no distinction has been made between them. However, this situation, which reflects the classical understanding of mobility, has changed over time and turned into a more complex and multidimensional structure. Today, mobility is considered as a broad concept that includes not only physical mobility but also social, cultural, digital and economic dimensions. The concept of mobility means the ability or tendency to move quickly and easily, to move from one position or situation to another, from one place, social class or job to another, and to travel. For this reason, mobility has resonated in a wide range of areas, from daily life to urban life, from habits to socio-cultural structure, from urban texture to human-environment interaction. Mobility was shaped by the efforts of theorists such as Urry, Sheller, Hannam, Cresswell, Adey and Salazar, who aimed to develop a movement strategy suitable for the modern age. Thanks to this effort, new approaches and theories have been developed in many disciplines, especially sociology, literature, geography, transportation, city and regional planning, anthropology and architecture. In this study, which examines the novels written between 1876 and 1923, these epistemological and methodological approaches formed around mobility theory are taken as basis. In this study, literary representations of mobility and mobility experiences were tried to be revealed with the new understanding of mobility. Mobility opportunities and mobility-based social, cultural and economic developments, not only of the characters but also of the period in which the novels were written, were discussed. In addition, the social class, stratification and social mobility situation mentioned in the novels and all kinds of social movements of the characters between social positions have been tried to be analyzed.