The development of architecture and typology of public housing in the production of housing in turkey: public housing projects of the real estate (and credit) bank of Turkey as a model project, 1926 – 2001

Real Estate Bank of Turkey, was the first and only housing institution in Turkey before TOKI and capital groups dominated the housing market, and it was selected as the research object of this study. When the housing projects of Real Estate Bank from 1926 to 2001 are examined, it can be seen that the Bank has introduced a new experimental housing type in housing projects at every threshold point in the country, and that, through its projects, housing architecture, planning principles and development of urban residential areas are beneficial for other producers. It has been seen that it aims to be an example and a guide. From this point of view, first of all, the study was developed by making a historical periodization in parallel with the periods of the economic, political, social and architectural development of the country. The relationship of the Bank with housing policies has been discussed, and its aims and changes in aims have been examined. Thus, a political base was provided to understand the context of architectural projects. Then, the Bank's housing production was grouped according to its experimental productions at these historical threshold points, and both the location selection, housing typologies, architectural languages and, of course, the conditions of property acquisition were analyzed. As a result of this holistic comparison, the Bank is a role model institution that continues its activities under the influence of the dominant ideologies of the state in the whole process and acts as a research and development center whose object is housing and tries to spread and teach contemporary residential architecture throughout the country through the housing projects it produces. turned out to be on duty. As a result, within the scope of this thesis, which investigates the role and effect of Real Estate Bank in housing production and housing architecture as a state actor, Real Estate Bank is not a tool to solve the housing problem altogether, but in this field, it is aimed at the private sector, which is individual initiatives, and the advancing sector. The thesis has been put forward that the investor, which has grown and become a holding company, has been established and assigned to the private sector, housing organizations and other public institutions by means of developing and testing the production and financing models of various housing types that will set an experiment and example.