The determination of effective and crucial sectors for Turkmenistan economy

Turkmenistan, rich in hydrocarbon reserves, gained its independence after the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991. Since the day the country decided to leave the USSR, various steps have been taken in the development of the natural gas and oil sector, which constitutes a significant part of its exports. Especially, Turkmenistan, which has high quality and large natural gas reserves, has a production and export potential in the energy sector. Experiencing the negative consequences of adhering to a single market, Turkmenistan started to search for a new alternative to Russia and established balanced relations with China, Iran, EU countries and India. Ranking fourth in the world in terms of proven natural gas reserves with 10,1%, Turkmenistan has developed pipeline projects to export natural gas to major markets. While some of these projects are still under construction, some of them have become operational. Key Words: Turkmenistan, Energy, Natural Gas, Petroleum, Agriculture, Cotton, Energy Relations, Türkiye Since Turkmenistan was an agricultural country before independence, it started work to develop the agricultural sector and textile industry after independence. Turkmenistan is known as a major cotton producer in the world. Due to the soil characteristics and climatic conditions of the country are suitable for cotton production, cotton is produced in the country. Cotton production has gained intensity as it contributes to the economy and provides employment within the country.