Retrospective screening of number of traffic accident applications and injury severity in daylight savings and passed times in Turkey

INTRODUCTION: Travmas, especially in traffic accidents, are in the first place among the causes of death in the young community (1-44 years) in developed countries. According to the definition of the World Health Organization (WHO), an accident is an unplanned and unexpected event that may result in injury. The change in daylight saving time (DST) can cause circadian rhythm disturbances and consequently detrimental effects on health. Circadian rhythm disturbances caused by sleep delay impair sleep quality and quantity and can cause various symptoms such as fatigue, headache, attention and insomnia. In the management of trauma patients in the emergency department, several scoring systems are used to determine the severity of trauma and estimate mortality. Some of these scoring systems are formed according to physiological parameters, some according to anatomical regions and some combination of both. ISS is one of the most useful of these scores. MATERIALS and METHODS: The study is a retrospective study and it is performed in Ankara Atatürk Training and Research Hospital Emergency Department for two weeks before and after 2014 and 2015 winter / 2015 and 2016 summer time application and 2016 and 2017 winter / 2017 and 2018 summer time applications. In this process, patients admitted for in-vehicle traffic accidents were evaluated. The assessment was made by calculating ISS (Injury Severity Score) with the help of hospital information system and file scanning method. CONCLUSIONS: Of the 710 patients included in the study, 201 (28.3%) were female and 509 (71.7%) were male. Of the 710 patients, 414 (58.3%) were admitted to winter time (fall), 296 (41.7%) were admitted to summer time (spring). In total, 221 (53,30%) of the 414 patients who applied in the fall period applied to the period when winter time was not applied and 193 (46.70%) of them applied to the time when winter time was applied. 186 (84.10%) of the 221 patients who were admitted during the winter time were discharged and 35 (15.90%) were hospitalized. During the winter time application; Of the 193 patients, 159 (82.39%) were discharged and 31 (16.06%) were hospitalized and 3 (1.55%) were ex. In total, 177 (59.79%) out of 296 patients who applied in the spring period applied in the summer time period and 119 (40.21%) of them applied in summer time period. 159 (89.83%) of 177 patients who were admitted during the summer time period were discharged and 17 (9,60%) patients were hospitalized and 1 (0.56%) patient was ex. During the summer time application; 101 (84.87%) of 119 patients were discharged, while 17 (14.28%) were hospitalized and 1 (0.84%) patient was ex. RESULTS: In our study, the effect of DST on gender, age, ISS score, cost analysis, discharge and hospitalization were examined. There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups. This can be attributed to the fact that the study is short-term and monocenter. Significant differences have been identified in some previous studies and in the following years, more comprehensive and longer-term studies can be conducted throughout the country. In this way, the long-term effects of GYZ will be examined. KEYWORDS: traffic accident, daylight saving time, injury severity score