International migration and its macroeconomic impacts

International migration is expressed as the continuous movements of people from their own countries to other countries, where they settle, work, and form new community ties. Individuals decide to migrate to achieve better economic conditions and a higher standard of living. In this context, international migration is a part of the transnational change that can reshape societies and politics. Therefore, the reasons that motivate international migration are very important. However, after the migration movement has taken place, the possible effects of migration in the target country are of great importance in terms of understanding the migration phenomenon in general terms. Determining the possible effects of migration in the target country facilitates the shaping of migration policies. In this direction, the study aims to examine the effects of international migration on the macroeconomic variables of the countries that receive the most immigration. For this purpose, the main macroeconomic variables are; unemployment, GDP per capita, consumer price index, current account balance, and wages. Annual data for the period 1990-2019 were used to examine the impact of migration on the macroeconomic variables of the destination country. FGLS and PCSE estimators were used to examine the long-term effect of migration on the variables under consideration. Empirical findings have shown that migration has a reducing effect on unemployment in the long run. On the other hand, it was concluded that there is no statistically significant relationship between migration and GDP per capita. It has been observed that the effect of migration on the consumer price index and wages is increasing. In addition, it was concluded that international migration had a negative effect on the current account balance. Keywords: International migration, immigration, macroeconomic variables, panel data analysis.