Histomorphometric analysis of the effects of grape seed (vitis vinifera) extract and low-level laser therapy (LLLT) on intraoral wound healing

Wound healing is a complex biological process that can be divided into four distinct phases of haemostasis, inflammation, proliferation and tissue remodelling. Many factors are known to have positive effect including different therapeutic agents for wound healing. The aim of this study was investigate the effect of grape seed extract (GSE) and low-level laser therapy (LLLT) on palatal mucoperiosteal wound healing and total antioxidant status (TAS), total oxidant status (TOS) and oxidative stress index (OSi) in serum by biochemical assays. A standardized full-thickness wound was created in the mucoperiosteum of the hard palates of the rats using a 4-mm-diameter biopsy punch. The animals were randomly divided into four groups (n=18): Controls (mucosal injury without taken GSE and laser radiation), mucosal injury treated with GSE via orogastric (300 mg/kg per day) treated with diode laser, treated with GSE via orogastric (300 mg/kg per day), and diode laser. The laser experimental animal groups (laser, laser+GSE) received at 8 J/cm2 dose from first to fourth days (810 nm, continuous mode, average power 0.25 W, application time 9 s). GSE experimental animal groups (GSE, laser+GSE) were received until sacrificed. These groups were further divided into three subgroups for sacrifice on the 4th, 7th and 14th days of wound healing. Significant differences were observed in TOS and OSi levels on 4th days between the GSE and GSE+LLLT . The data strongly indicate that combined therapy of GSE+LLLT is efficient than only laser or GSE accelerating the hard palate wound healing process after wounding, probably by inducing vascularization, reepitelization on the wound edge and stimulating collagen synthesis., Keywords: Wound healing, Grape seed extract, Low-level laser therapy, Oxidative stress, Diode laser.