Investigation of the relationship of vitamin d and electrolytes with depression in adults

In this study, it was aimed to evaluate the relationship between vitamin D and electrolytes such as sodium, potassium, calcium in adults with depression and to examine nutritional factors that may be associated with depression. A total of 118 adult individuals, 82 (69.5%) women and 36 (30.5%) men, who applied to the Internal Medicine Policlinic of Kastamonu State Hospital between February and November 2019, were included in the study. Socio-demographic characteristics, nutritional habits and physical activity status of individuals were recorded in the questionnaire. 24-hour food consumption frequency records of individuals were evaluated and anthropometric measurements were taken. Biochemical findings were recorded from the automation system, where the routine findings were routinely requested. Depression status of individuals was determined by Beck Depression Scale and participants were divided into two groups as 41 individuals with Beck Depression Scale score ≥17 and 77 individuals with Beck Depression Scale score <17. The average age of the individuals was 33.89±10.07 years (individuals with BDI ≥17: 33.65±10.47 years, individuals with BDI <17: 34.02±9.91 years) (p> 0.05). It was determined that female individuals in the BDI ≥17 group received 6.45±13.04 µg, male individuals 5.99±10.13 µg, female individuals in the BDI<17 group received 6.62 ± 23.27 and male individuals received 5.96±15.09 µg vitamin D (p> 0.05). It was found that male and female individuals had BDI ≥17 and BDI <17 groups received vitamin D below their reference values with their daily diets. There was no statistically significant difference in groups' daily intake of sodium, potassium and calcium (p> 0.05). While daily consumption of sodium is below the reference value in female individuals in the BDI ≥17 group, it is above in male individuals. In the BDI <17 group, it was determined that they received above the recommended level in both men and women. On the other hand, it was found that potassium and calcium intakes were below the recommended levels for both male and female individuals in both groups. The mean value of serum 25-hydroxy Vitamin D (25-OH Vitamin D) of the individuals participating in the study was 13.79±7.83 ng / mL for the BDI ≥17 group and 12.14±9.18 ng / mL for the BDI<17 group (p> 0.05). The mean serum sodium values of individuals were 140.40±2.10 mEq/L for the BDI ≥17 group, 140.48±1.95 mEq/L for the BDI<17 group, the mean of serum potassium values was 4.61±0.31 mEq/L for the BDI ≥17 group 4.47±0.28 mEq/L and serum calcium values were determined as 9.12±0.35 mg/dL for the BDI ≥17 group and 9.21±0.39 mg/dL for the BDI <17 group (p> 0.05). There was a significant positive correlation between daily vitamin D taken with diet and serum 25-OH Vitamin D levels (p <0.05). In terms of serum hemoglobin and hematocrit values, both parameters were found to be significantly lower in the BDI ≥17 group compared to the BDI <17 group (p <0.05). Depending on depression, the lack of vitamin D, electrolytes such as sodium, potassium, calcium and all other vitamins and minerals, and providing a complete qualification in terms of each nutrient element, applying personalized nutritional therapy in a multidisciplinary approach and necessary for the continuity of health in all aspects, it is important to make lifestyle changes.