Ancient influences in 13th and 14th century Byzantine and Italian art

During the last two centuries before the late medieval Renaissance, ancient connotations, classical trends dominated the artistic creations of both the Byzantine Empire and Western Europe, especially the Italian city-states. At the end of the 13th century and the beginning of the 14th century, a parallel situation is observed in the reappearance of ancient forms in Byzantine and Italian art. Various artistic expressions later changed independently. When the academic studies on this period are examined, it has been determined that the period is handled separately as Byzantine and Western art. In this study; The relations of Byzantine Empire and Italian painting art with ancient Greek and Hellenistic art in the 13th and 14th centuries are examined. The effect of antiquity that appeared in art in the 13th century was investigated both in terms of political and cultural relations and in the context of social developments. How the traditional Byzantine painting changed during the Proto-Renaissance period and how this ancient influence reflected on the art of painting in the West, namely in the Italian city-states, was examined within the scope of the thesis study. The qualitative research method was used in the research. In this context, library research was carried out and magazines, articles and books, internet sites, digital libraries were examined, and as a result, the necessary information was obtained and it was determined by internet research in which countries, cities and structures, or museums or collections the images related to the subject were. Other data on the subject, especially the research on the political and cultural structure of the 13th and 14th century Byzantine Empire and Italian city-states, and the tendency towards Antiquity, the world view adopted in this period also determine the understanding of art of the period. Periodicals, academic research, related wall paintings and mosaics were examined with examples. Keywords: Byzantium, Italy, 13th and 14th centuries, Ancient Greece, Hellenistic, Fresco