Effect of apigein on differentiation, proliferation, viability and migration of 3t3-l1 preadiposocytes: Possible contribution of the wnt pathle

Adipocyte hypertrophy and differentiation of preadipocytes to adipocytes play a role in the formation of obesity. It has been reported that apigenin, which is found in fruits, vegetables and plants such as parsley, celery, and citrus fruits, can prevent obesity by suppressing adipocyte differentiation. However, the underlying mechanisms have not been fully elucidated. In addition, there are no studies showing the effect of apigenin on the proliferation and migration of preadipocytes. In our study, we aimed to examine the effects of apigenin on cell proliferation, differentiation and migration in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes and to investigate whether the effect is mediated by the Wnt signaling pathway. Niclosamide was used as Wnt inhibitor. Cell viability and proliferation were evaluated by MTT analysis, differentiation by Oil Red O staining. Apigenin (2,5, 5, and 10 μM) and niclosamide (0,25 μM) had no significant effect on cell viability. At certain time intervals in proliferation, differentiation and migration experiments (0-4, 4-8 and 0-8 days of the differentiation protocol in differentiation experiments; during 0-2, 2-4 and 0-4 days in proliferation experiments; viability and migration apigenin was administered in the presence or absence of niclosamide (for 24, 48, and 72 hours). Apigenin at 10 μM concentration significantly suppressed differentiation at all time points of differentiation. Niclosamide pre-application eliminated this effect. 0-2 of the proliferation process. Administration of 10 μM apigenin on days 0-4 significantly reduced cell proliferation. Niclosamide pre-application eliminated this effect. In the series of migration experiments, no significant difference in migration was observed when apigenin and/or niclosamide was administered for 24 hours. A significant increase in migration was observed at 2.5 and 5 μM concentrations when apigenin was administered for 48 hours, but administration of 10 μM apigenin did not show a significant effect. Niclosamide pre-application abolished the cell migration-increasing effect of apigenin at 2,5 and 5 μM concentrations. Apigenin caused a significant increase in migration at a concentration of only 5 μM when administered for 72 hours. This effect was abolished by niclosamide. According to these findings, apigenin suppresses the differentiation and proliferation of 3T3-L1 preadipocyte cells without affecting the viability; It was thought that it increased cell migration and that these effects might be mediated by the activation of the Wnt signaling pathway. However, more detailed studies are required to confirm these assumptions.