عبدالقاهر البغدادي وموقفه من الفرق الإسلامية

We prepared this study to put the ideas of Abdulqahir al-Baghdadi who is the author in Islamic sciences especially in Islamic sects. Abdulqahir al-Baghdadi firstly explains the leading figures of the sects and their opinons then subjects them to analysis and criticism and he finally judges these sects in accordance with the method he followed and his these practices makes him diferent in this field. In the first part, we have discussed the life of Abdulqahir al-Baghdadi, his family lienage, his scientific works, his works, his teachers, his students and paises by scholars about him. In the second chapter, we have presented the sources, the classification and the important sources that he used in the field of Islamic sects. We have tried to examine the hadith of "the separation of the Ummah to the sects". Undoubtedly Abdulqahir al-Baghdadi applied to mental and narrative sources such as the Qur'an, Hadith-i Sharif, Icma, and Qıyas to prove for his views. In this regard, Abdulqahir al-Baghdadi clasiffies Islamic sects in the framework of the hadith of "the separation of the Ummah to the sects". In this chapter, we tried to explain the sects, ر Rafidi, Khwarij, Murcie, Qadariyyah (Mutazilah), Najjariyyah, Najiyyah who accepts al-Baghdadi again. In the third chapter, we have compared the methods of al-Baghdadi and other Qalam imams such as imam al-Asari, as-Sahristani, Ibn Hazm, al-Isfarayini in terms of the reasons for their rising and their classification. In this comparison, we have made it clear that al-Baghdadi's method is close to the method of imam al-Asari and there are views pointing to it in his works. At the same time, we have seen that Al-Isfarayini who is the student of al-Baghdadi, has been influenced his scholar's views. We have tried to present important conclusions in the conclusion chapter.