Investigation of oncostatin-M (OSM) levels in patients diagnosed with st-elevation and non-st elevation myocardial infarction in the emergency department

Coronary artery disease is one of the leading diseases of mortality and morbidity. Since coronary artery disease is responsible for 32% of all deaths in the world, it is crucial to prevent morbidity and mortality with rapid diagnosis and intervention. Acute coronary syndrome is one of the coronary artery diseases. Acute coronary syndrome most often presents to emergency services with chest pain, and while those diagnosed with STEMI via ECG are treated quickly, patients with Non-STEMI can be diagnosed within hours with troponin, a cardiac-specific enzyme, during follow-up. Since the troponin biomarker is affected by many diseases such as kidney failure and is detected in the blood only hours after the onset of acute coronary syndrome, diagnosis of Non-STEMI patients may be delayed and rarely, the diagnosis can be missed. Oncostatin M biomarker, which has been found in literature to increase in ischemic conditions and found in atherosclerotic plaques. We wanted to examine its diagnostic value in Acute coronary syndrome patients and investigate its value in diagnosing non-STEMI patients more accurately and early. Our study was conducted prospectively and single-centerly in the emergency department of a tertiary university hospital. In our study, 22 patients diagnosed with STEMI, 22 patients diagnosed with Non-STEMI, and 22 patients without Acute coronary syndrome symptoms who met the inclusion criteria were included as the control group. The significance level of our study was accepted as p<0,05. The average age of the patients in our study was determined as 56.59±17.60. In terms of genders, 44 (66.7%) were male and 22 (33.3%) were female. There was no significant difference between our groups in terms of age and gender of the patients. The average Oncostatin M values of our STEMI patient group was 592.46±96.45, the average Oncostatin M values of our Non-STEMI patients was 579.77±97.19, and the average Oncostatin M values of the patients in our Control group was 418.71±77.93. A significant difference was observed between the Oncostatin M biomarker levels of both Acute coronary syndrome groups and the control group. In terms of detecting Acute coronary syndrome, the sensitivity of the Oncostatin M biomarker was found to be 72.73%, its specificity was 97.73% and its predictive value was 461.06. According to the results obtained from our study, it is thought that the Oncostatin M biomarker can be used as a diagnostic parameter in STEMI and Non-STEMI patients. We think that in non-STEMI patients, its sensitivity is higher than troponin, it rises in the blood faster than troponin, and therefore it can be diagnosed earlier. This study is a preliminary study and we think that more detailed studies will provide clear information to the literature on this subject.