Detection of rotavirus, adenovirus, norovirus,and determination of rotavirus genotype in patients with acute gastroenteritis

Acute infectious gastroenteritis is a common disease worldwide and most cases are caused by viral pathogens. Many different viruses are responsible for most cases of acute viral gastroenteritis, including Rotavirus (RV), Norovirus, Adenovirus (AdV), and Astroviruses. According to the Centers for Disease Control (CDC), viral gastroenteritis infections cause more than 200,000 child deaths worldwide each year. of these, RV is a vaccine-preventable disease. However, since there are differences in the scope of the vaccines, it is important to select the appropriate vaccine for the established genotypes according to the regions. A total of 341 stool samples from children who applied to the pediatric units of our hospital in order to detect RV, AdV and Norovirus infections in children with acute gastroenteritis in our region and to determine the RV genotype were included in the study. Antigen detection was performed in stool by ELISA or immunochromatographic methods. Genotype determination was made from RV positive samples. In stool samples, RV positivity was 23.1%, Norovirus 7.3%, and AdV positivity was 12.9%. When compared with the data of our country, the incidence of RV was similar to the studies reported from our country, the incidence of AdV was higher and the rate of NoV incidence was lower. In the RV genotype analysis, the most common G type was found to be G2 (52.5%). Apart from this, G1, G9, G3, G4 genotypes were determined. The most common P type was found to be P4 (83%). In addition, P9 and P10 genotypes were determined. Considering the distribution of the samples in which the G and P genotypes were determined together; the most common genotypes were G1P [4], G2P [9], G9P [4]. Among the RV vaccines, Rota Teq® is seen as the vaccine that covers the most genotypes seen in our country and region. It covers 87.5% of the Rotavirus genotypes found in our region. Because genotypes vary by country and region, emergence of strains with the potential to increase the current burden of RV disease should be continuously monitored.