Evaluation of magnesium and oxidative stress in individuals with impaired glucose tolerance and type 2 diabetes mellitus

EVALUATION OF MAGNESIUM AND OXIDATIVE STRESS IN INDIVIDUALS WITH IMPAIRED GLUCOSE TOLERANCE AND TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of hyperglycemia on oxidative stress and magnesium (Mg) levels in individuals with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) and with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) applied for oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). Study group was included 280 subjects (181 females and 99 males) with a mean age, 45±13 years). The patients were classified into 3 groups according to ADA criteria; NGT (normal glucose tolerance): patients with fasting plasma glucose levels <100 mg/dL and <140 mg/dL at hour 2 after OGTT, IGT: patients with plasma glucose levels between 140-199 mg/dL at hour 2 after OGTT, T2DM: patients with OGTT at hour 2 ≥200 mg/dL. Levels of Mg, total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C), high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C), malondialdehyde (MDA) as an indicator of lipid peroxidation and advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP) as an indicator of protein oxidation were analyzed in fasting plasma samples of the patients. A significant decrease in Mg levels were observed in T2DM group compared to IGT group (p<0.05). TC, TG and LDL-C levels were found to be significantly increased in T2DM and IGT groups respect to NGT group (p<0.05, p<0.001, p<0.001, p<0.05, p<0.05, p<0.001, respectively), but HDL-C levels were shown to decrease in T2DM group compared to NGT group (p<0.05). MDA levels in T2DM and IGT groups were significantly increased compared to NGT group (p<0.001, p<0.001, respectively). A significant increase in AOPP levels was observed in IGT group compared to NGT group (p<0.001) but AOPP levels were shown to decrease in T2DM group compared to IGT group (p<0.05). In the present study, it was shown that hyperglycemia observed in the patients with IGT may be associated with a tendency to oxidative stress and atherogenetic lipid profile. It was concluded that the patients with IGT may have a similar grade pathogenesis as seen in T2DM. Decreased Mg levels in T2DM group was not observed in IGT group. This may be related to the degree of pathophysiologic changes observed in T2DM and IGT.