The concept of freedom of existentialist philosophers

Existentialism, one of the present day philosophy movements, was indeed born as a reaction to traditional philosophy currents. As a refutation to the Cartesian philosophy, strict lines of rationalist thought, abstract philosophy and Aristotelian metaphysics, it attaches importance to the absolute existence of human and centering on human. It bases existence on freedom, voices the human as a free creature, is impressed from human's life philosophy, proposes the art of understanding and give importance to phenomenological approaches. Existentialist philosophy is considered as a philosophy lack of system and as a stream advocating that the existence precedes the spirit. The pioneers of existentialist philosophers are presented on a very wide scale and like Soren Kierkegaard, Martin Heidegger, Karl Jaspers, Gabriel Marcel, Jean-Paul Sartre, Albert Camus, Merleau Ponty, Martin Buber, Paul Tillich and Simone de Beauvoir do not exhibit a routine approach to the philosophy. While some of these philosophers known as existentialists, exhibit an atheist approach, some give importance to the religious experiences. Furthermore while some of them put forwards individualism, the some care about the social dimension and communication of human with others. Existentialist philosophers stand out with their historicitical, phenomenological, hermeneutical individualist and feministic methods and approaches. Existentialist philosophers stand out with their philosophical dialectics as well as their skills in literature, poetry, art, theater, music and writings. Human centered existentialist philosophers remark that human being is not there as the object but at the very inside of the world. They emphasize the subjectivity of the human and give importance to where Dasein stands in the analysis of existence. They develop the concept of humanism of existence, by considering the humans' search for meaninig. Defending that the core of humanism of existence is composed of freedom, the existentialist philosophers refuses determinist approaches giving a special importance to the freedom of choice and care about the design of humanity. They deal the concept of freedom with an emotion of responsibility rather than a random sense of freedom. Although they deny universal laws, rigid moral rules and hierarchy of norms, they did not move very away from ethical patterns. They propose a life based on ethical patterns, the presence of ethical codes and that people create their own rules. They develop an ontology based on freedom and specially a phenomenological theory of ontology. Although the atheist existentialists deny the existence of God, the existentialist philosophers caring about the religious experiences, set a network of relations between the freedom and belief. They thought that the belief rescues the individual from the dependence upon the material, material world and some worldly passions. Existentialist philosophers remark the relation with the others, and justify that our freedom may only be limited with the freedom of others.