Contextualizing SDGs by the Means of Vernacular Architecture – The Case of Iran

The contemporary world faces urgent challenges in sustainable development due to escalating urbanization and increased pressure on natural resources, encompassing environmental, economic, and socio-cultural dimensions. Addressing these multifaceted challenges requires a comprehensive approach that integrates sustainable techniques derived from rural contexts and references vernacular architecture while aligning with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Sustainability, as a concept, acknowledges the interconnectedness of environmental, social, and economic aspects of development. It emphasizes adopting practices that preserve resources, minimize ecological impact, and prioritize community well-being. In rural settings, where reliance on natural resources holds deep cultural significance, tailored sustainable development strategies are imperative. This research examines sustainability through the lens of the UN Sustainable Development 17 Goals (SDGs), categorizing architectural sustainable techniques taken from houses in rural areas and referencing vernacular architecture. Focusing on socio-cultural challenges associated with SDG achievement, the study investigates global rural housing case studies, utilizing qualitative methodologies and extensive literature surveys using two case studies (Volontariat and Magoda project) from SDGs. Special emphasis is placed on Iranian case studies, providing insights tailored to the local context and identifying techniques to meet social, economic, and cultural needs. Vernacular architecture, influenced by geography, climate, and cultural traditions, showcases sustainability, resource efficiency, and minimal environmental impact. This paper analyzes recent literature on vernacular architecture, addressing traditional materials, sustainability, cultural aspects, climate adaptation, and repurposing abandoned structures. It suggests interdisciplinary research and fieldwork in underrepresented regions to integrate contemporary solutions into historic vernacular buildings while meeting modern comfort standards. Vernacular architecture emerges as a key player in sustainable practices, embodying local solutions and cultural adaptation. Integrating vernacular architecture into urban and rural designs has the potential to create environmentally adaptable and culturally appropriate dwellings, fostering a sense of place and cultural continuity. In summary, this thesis significantly analyses sustainable development goals by exploring the integration of vernacular architecture sustainable techniques in rural designs, particularly in the Iranian context. By investigating local and cultural contexts, it aims to propose practical insights and solutions, fostering a more sustainable and culturally sensitive built environment.