The leftist movements at the period of governing Democratic Party (1950-1960)

Turkey didn't attend to WW2 but was very careful about dangers against itself.There was a prepared army for the purpose of safety and A constabulary was constituted for the control of country.In addition, the negative conditions of the war on global economy affected Turkey and Turkish people had an quite troubled process. New rich people were born from black market. As a result of discomfort in society, A negative atmosphere begun to emerge against Republican People's Party(CHP) and wealthy people,who took the advantage of war environment,began to have a say in management.Single-party government took decisions that made society oppressed as well as the reaction of wealthy class in the country.For instance,the idea of land reform,which was introduced in 1945,led to the formation of opposition within party and after the "Momerandum of Four",which was given to the party group,there were breaks in Republican People's Party.(CHP) Democratic Party(DP) was established under the leadership of signatories of "Momerandum of Four".After this,Multi-party system was begun in Turkey. A whole new process was begun in Internal and External politics. During the biopolar cold war emerged with the end of WW2, Turkey, shaped its external policy by remaining between United States,pioneer of West block,and USSR,the leader of socialist block.In this process,Turkey began to show favourable attitude towards United States.This attitude in external policy also affected the domestic politics, a negative attitude against left movements showed itself.The leftists were described as "Red Agent" and the pressure against left movements began to increase considerably,in 1945.This attitude wasn't abondoned in internal and external politics by Democratic Party,which came to power in 1950. With the beginning of Korean War,Soldiers were sent to Korea without parliamentary decision to take full advantage of the support of West block.Even criticisms against the Korean War were suppressed by pressure.Leftists,who were against the war,was arrested and media organs of them were closed.In the following years,negative attitudes towards leftists were increasing.The government declared war against leftist movements and initiated extensive investigations.An amendment was made on Criminal Law in order to allow for easy trial of leftists.Responsibles of 6-7 September incidents that took place during the rulership of Democratic Party,were shown as communists by the ruling party and partial sides.Village Institutes,which was founded to provide the need for teacher with great hopes,was closed on account of the fact that It educated leftists.Leftist Parties ,which were established during ten-year ruling period,were closed by government or their owner.In any case,the number of people,who would have formed a party,was very few.Majority of the leading leftists were arrested and sent to prison.The status of established associations,newspapers and magazines weren't much different from leftist parties.Because the ones,which were found to make leftist propaganda,were closed down by government and those,who were operating inside these structures were also arrested.Leftist movements in Turkey began to recover in real terms in the May, 27th 1960 coup. Key words: Left Movements, Democratic Party,1950-1960