Histopathological evaluation of the effect of exosome application obtained from different sources on the mTOR-AKT-HIF-1α pathway and its relationship with TRP channels in the experimental alzheimer's model

Exosome application method in Alzheimer's disease (AD) has been used in recent years to investigate the pathogenesis and treatment of the disease, and its use has increased day by day. It is very important to use this method for therapeutic purposes. In our thesis study, it was aimed to determine the stages of exosome production in order to put exosomes obtained from umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (WJ-MSCs) and adipose tissue mesenchymal stem cells (AD-MSCs) into clinical use for therapeutic purposes. The results achieved within the framework of this goal were also confirmed by histochemical and immunohistochemical staining. In our study, intracerebroventricular (ICV) and intranasal (IN) exosomes were administered to experimental Alzheimer's model rats, and it was shown that exosomes could reach the brain tissue in both application methods. However, it has been evaluated that the IN exosome application method can reach the brain tissue less than the ICV exosome application method and is less effective in treatment. However, it is an important finding that the IN exosome application method is easier to apply and its effect in some animals is close to the ICV exosome application method. For this reason, we recommend long-term applications to increase the effectiveness of exosomes in new research. Keywords: Alzheimer, rat, amyloid beta, mTOR-AKT-HIF-1α, TRP